There is debate over whether egg yolk presents a health risk. Some research suggests it may lower total Low density lipoprotein ("bad" cholesterol) while raising High density lipoprotein ("good" cholesterol) levels. Some people advocate the eating of raw eggs and egg yolks for this reason, claiming that uncooked cholesterol in the yolk is healthier than when it is cooked.

The United States egg industry launched its continuing "Incredible Edible Egg" campaign, which touts eggs as a healthy part of a balanced diet. The American Egg Board publicizes modern research which shows that dietary cholesterol has less effect on blood cholesterol than previously thought.